Distributed ledger technology (DLT) is a consensus of replicated, shared, and synchronized digital data geographically spread across multiple sites, countries, or institutions.
Firstly, a key point is that data does not reside in a single, centralised database: instead, data is distributed across the nodes of the network. A peer-to-peer network is required as well as algorithms that define a mutually agreed approach for validating and accepting data, to ensure that data can be replicated across the nodes of the network.
Secondly, there is not a single, centralised administrator; therefore, network participants have the ability to manage their own nodes.
Blockchain is a specific type of distributed ledger technology.
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